| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Description[]
Dlögo is an agglutinating language.
Background[]
In my German class we were reading a book, called „Und das nennt ihr Mut?” („And you call that courage?”). In that book the main character, Andi, is member of a gang called „The Sharks”. The „Sharks” have a secret language and a secret script. Creating that language was our homework.
Because my classmates do not know anything about linguistics, I will not torture them with „unusual” sounds.
Phonology[]
Consonants[]
Table of consonants | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Labial | Alveolar | Velar | ||
Nasal | m | n | ŋ | |
Plosive | voiceless | p | t | k |
voiced | b | d | g | |
Fricative | voiceless | f | s | x |
voice | v | z | ɣ | |
Approximant | w | l |
Vowels[]
|
Writing System[]
Writing System | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Vowels | ||||
Latin | IPA | Latin | IPA | |
i | [i]
|
y | [y]
| |
e | [ε]
|
ö | [œ]
| |
a | [a]
|
u | [u]
| |
- | o | [o]
| ||
Consonants | ||||
Latin | IPA | Latin | IPA | |
p | [p]
|
b | [b]
| |
t | [t]
|
d | [d]
| |
k | [k]
|
g | [g]
| |
f | [f]
|
v | [v]
| |
s | [s]
|
z | [z]
| |
x | [x]
|
r | [ɣ]
| |
m | [m]
|
- | ||
n | [n]
|
- | ||
ŋ | [ŋ]
|
- | ||
w | [w]
|
- | ||
l | [l]
|
- |
Grammar[]
Syntax[]
Declarative Construction[]
The word order is free.
Interrogative Construction[]
The word order is free. Indefinite pronoun is followed by the interrogative particle ka. If a definite noun, verb, etc. is used instead, the questions turns to a boolean (yes/no) question.
Pronouns[]
Pronouns have the same affixes as nouns.
Personal Pronouns[]
Personal Pronouns | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1st | 2nd | 3rd | Indefinite | ||||
normal | reflexive | normal | reflexive | normal | reflexive | normal | reflexive |
ti | tli | ki | kli | pi | pli | si | sli |
Demonstrative Pronouns[]
Pronouns | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Interrogative
(ŋ-) |
Indicative | Relative
(k-) |
Universal
(-) |
Negative
(-) | ||
proximal (tu-) | distal (ti-) | |||||
Person, thing (-al) | ŋal | tual | tial | kal | ||
Time (-os) | ŋos | tuos | tios | kos | ||
Location (-um) | ŋum | tuum | tium | kum | ||
Reason (-ar) | ŋar | tuar | tiar | kar | ||
Manner (-ix) | ŋix | tuix | tiix | kix |
Nouns[]
The noun construction is:
ROOT-CASE-NUMBER-GENDER-POSITION-CONJUNCTION
Affix | Meaning | |
---|---|---|
1. Case | -p- | Nominative, Ablative |
-t- | Accusative, Directive | |
-k- | Dative, Locative | |
-v- | Genitive, of | |
-z- | Instrumental, with (help of) | |
-r- | Comitative, with | |
2. Number | -e- | Singular |
-ö- | Plural | |
-a- | Dual | |
3. Gender | -n- | Masculine |
-l- | Feminine | |
-s- | Inanimate | |
-Ø- | Animate/Common | |
4. Conjunction | -a | and |
-o | or | |
-u | but | |
-i | rather | |
-y | although | |
-ö | since |
Adjective[]
ROOT-CASE-NUMBER
Construction of adjectives | |||
---|---|---|---|
1. Case | 2. Number | ||
Affix | Meaning | Affix | Meaning |
-s- | Nominative | -e | Singular |
-w- | Accusative | -ö | Plural |
-l- | Dative | -a | Dual |
Verbs[]
The verb construction is: ROOT-NUMBER-PERSON-
Construction of verbs | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. Number | 2. Modality | 3. Tense | 4. Voice | 5. Conjunction | |||||
Affix | Meaning | Affix | Meaning | Affix | Meaning | Affix | Meaning | Affix | Meaning |
-e- | Singular | -xk | Indicative | -i- | Present | -Ø- | Active | -a | and |
-ö- | Plural | -fp | Subjunctive | -u- | Past | -n- | Passive | -o | or |
-a- | Dual | -st- | Possibility | -y- | Future | -u | but | ||
-zd- | Imperative | -au | because | ||||||
-ö | so | ||||||||
-an | that |