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| Aranchese | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Type | A priori | ||||||||||||
| Alignment | |||||||||||||
| Head direction | Initial | ||||||||||||
| Tonal | No | ||||||||||||
| Declensions | Yes | ||||||||||||
| Conjugations | Yes | ||||||||||||
| Genders | None | ||||||||||||
| Nouns decline according to... | |||||||||||||
| Case | Number | ||||||||||||
| Definiteness | Gender | ||||||||||||
| Verbs conjugate according to... | |||||||||||||
| Voice | Mood | ||||||||||||
| Person | Number | ||||||||||||
| Tense | Aspect | ||||||||||||
| Meta-information | |||||||||||||
| Progress | 0% | ||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||
| Creator | ShiningOrange | ||||||||||||
Fedlian /fi:dljən/ (in Fedlian "Feyðlit" /feiðlit/) is a language spoken in Fedlya by about 8,000,000 people.
It is mainly an "a priori" language with very small influence from romance, german and greek languages.
Classification and Dialects
There are two groups of dialects:
- Northern Dialects
- Southern Dialects
Phonology
Consonants
| Bilabial | Labio-dental | Dental | Alveolar | Post-alveolar | Retroflex | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Pharyngeal | Epiglottal | Glottal | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m | n | ɲ | |||||||||
| Plosive | p b | t d | k g | |||||||||
| Fricative | f v | θ ð | s z | ʒ | ʃ | ɣ x | ||||||
| Affricate | t͡s d͡z | t͡ʃ | ||||||||||
| Approximant | j | w | ||||||||||
| Trill | r | |||||||||||
| Flap or tap | ||||||||||||
| Lateral fric. | ||||||||||||
| Lateral app. | l | ʎ | ||||||||||
| Lateral flap |
Vowels
| Front | Near-front | Central | Near-back | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| High | a | u | |||
| Near-high | |||||
| High-mid | ɛ | ɔ | |||
| Mid | ə | ||||
| Low-mid | e ø | o | |||
| Near-low | |||||
| Low | i y |
Phonotactics
Writing System
| Letter | a | - | ə | b | c | c̆ | d | e | æ | f | g | h |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sound | a | - | ə | b | t͡s | t͡ʃ | d | e | ɛ | f | g | h/- |
| Letter | i | ĭ | j | k | l | ł | m | n | n̆ | o | ŏ | ö |
| Sound | i | j: | ʒ | k | l | ʎ | m | n | ɲ | o | ɔ | ø |
| Letter | p | r | s | s̆ | s̩ | t | u | ü | v | x | y | z |
| Sound | p | r | s | ʃ | z | t | u | y | v | x | j | d͡z |
| Letter | ð | þ | ||||||||||
| Sound | ð | θ |
Grammar
Pronouns
| I | You (singular) | He/She/It | We | You (plural) | They | One (impersonal) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nom. | þə | vö | ær | jə | hə | nə | ŏ |
| Gen. | þən | vən | æn | jən | hən | nein | ŏn |
| Acc. | þin | vön | æni | jin | hin | nin | ŏni |
| Dat | þə'ən | vöən | ærə | jə'ən | hə'ən | ne | ŏən |
| Caus. | þəlen | völen | ælen | jəlen | həlen | nəlen | ŏlen |
| Prep. | þin | vin | æni | jin | hin | nin | ŏni |
Nouns
There are 9 cases: Nominative, Genitive, Accusative, Dative, Causative, Ablative, Lative, Locative-Prepositional and Instrumental.
To make the noun definite add the suffix '-(u)de'
Endings are
| Case | Singular form | Plural form |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | - | -(*)r |
| Genitive | -(t)e | -(t)el |
| Accusative | -(e)s | -(e)s*r |
| Dative | -(t)ən | -(t)əl |
| Causative | -(*)lən | -(*)lək |
| Ablative | n*(m)- -(t)e | n*(m)- -(t)el |
| Lative | n*(m)- -(t)ən | n*(m)- -(t)əl |
| Loc.-prep. | n*(m)- | n*(m)- -(*)r |
| Instrumental | þöd(ə)- | þöd(ə)- -(*)r |
[*] = vowel harmony, depends on last or first vowel of the word.
Declension of s̆euvet (eagle)
| Nominative | Genitive | Accusative | Dative | Causative | Ablative | Lative | Locative-Prepositional | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S | s̆euvét | s̆euvete | s̆euvetes | s̆euvetən | s̆euvetulən | nes̆euvete | nes̆euvetən | nes̆euvét | |
| P | s̆euvetar | s̆euvetel | s̆euvetesur | s̆euvetəl | s̆euvetulək | nes̆euvetel | nes̆euvetəl | nes̆euveta |
Declension of kəðe (chair)
| Nominative | Genitive | Accusative | Dative | Causative | Ablative | Lative | Locative-Prepositional | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S | kəðe | kəðete | kəðes | kəðetən | kəðetulən | nəkəðete | nəkəðetən | nəkəðe |
| P | kəðetur | kəðetel | kəðesur | kəðetəl | kəðatulək | nəkəðetel | nəkəðetəl | nəkəðeta |
Verbs
Verb "to be"
To make the verb to be with a noun or an adjective you can add the suffix -(n)*l followed by the verb suffix, where * is the last vowel of the word root.
Example: həundulə= I am a dog, wahəundulestakur = I wouldn't want to be a dog
Indicative Mood
| Tense | þə | vö | ær | jə | hə | nə/ŏ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present | -ə/e | -a | -in | -es̩ | -əv | -is̩ |
| Persistive | -est | -ast | -ist | -este | -əste | -iste |
| Near past | -ef | -afo | -if | -esef | -əvef | -isef |
| Remote past | -enef | -anafe | -enif | -enesef | -inəvef | -inisef |
| Near future | -el | -alo | -il | -esel | -əvel | -isel |
| Far future | -ele | -ale | -enil | -enesel | -inəvel | -inisel |
Conditional Mood
Same as indicative with 'wə-' or 'wa-' prefix before the verb root. There is no real rule on which one to use, usually people just use the one that sounds better in a said context.
Subjunctive Mood
Same as indicative with 'ulə-' or 'ula-' prefix before the verb root. There is no real rule on which one to use, usually people just use the one that sounds better in a said context.
Imperative Mood
Same as indicative with 'æ(v)-' prefix.
Inferential Mood
Same as indicative with 'as̩a(v)-' prefix
Participle
Present participle is made with -(k)ap and past participle -(k)apef
Passive
To make the verb passive add the suffix -(t)inde (before the negative suffix)
Passive-negative is -(t)indekur
Negative
To make the verb negative add -(a)kur
Adjectives
Adjectives are usually formed by noun root plus '-(a)c̆ə' suffix.
The prefix pl(i)- makes it become more (adjective)
pluðəc̆ə = faster
The prefix kurpl(i)- makes it become less (adjective)
kurpluðəc̆ə = less faster
han = comparation proposition
Həundur pluðəc̆eneliste han gulur.
Adverbs
Adverbs are usually formed by noun root plus '-(a)vlə' prefix.
Syntax
Word order is mainly SVO.
Questions are made with "ka" at the end.
Vocabulary
| No. | English | Feyðlit |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | I | þə |
| 2 | you (singular) | vö |
| 3 | he | ær |
| 4 | we | jə |
| 5 | you (plural) | hə |
| 6 | they | nə |
| 7 | this | c̆us̩ |
| 8 | that | c̆ed |
| 9 | here | c̆uui |
| 10 | there | c̆ei |
| 11 | who | s̩in |
| 12 | what | s̩on |
| 13 | where | s̩en |
| 14 | when | s̩ep |
| 15 | how | s̩enlə́ |
| 16 | not | væn |
| 17 | all | aht |
| 18 | many | ðŏl |
| 19 | some | sim |
| 20 | few | simén |
| 21 | other | nełedá |
| 22 | one | ins̩ |
| 23 | two | s̩vo |
| 24 | three | ðrai |
| 25 | four | þü |
| 26 | five | wən |
| 27 | big | grŏs |
| 28 | long | lŏn |
| 29 | wide | löun |
| 30 | thick | s̩ŏðok |
| 31 | heavy | ps̆ant |
| 32 | small | mikər |
| 33 | short | ze |
| 34 | narrow | zeb |
| 35 | thin | zek |
| 36 | woman | dun̆am |
| 37 | man (adult male) | nam |
| 38 | man (human being) | udnam |
| 39 | child | peunam |
| 40 | wife | verdun̆am |
| 41 | husband | vernam |
| 42 | mother | grŏsdun̆am |
| 43 | father | grŏsnam |
| 44 | animal | bæstiæ |
| 45 | fish | gləbaglajelo |
| 46 | bird | þŏdo |
| 47 | dog | həund |
| 48 | louse | — |
| 49 | snake | — |
| 50 | worm | — |
| 51 | tree | arbér |
| 52 | forest | ðŏlarberne (place of many trees) |
| 53 | stick | — |
| 54 | fruit | — |
| 55 | seed | — |
| 56 | leaf | — |
| 57 | root | — |
| 58 | bark | — |
| 59 | flower | leör |
| 60 | grass | — |
| 61 | rope | — |
| 62 | skin | þałe |
| 63 | meat | — |
| 64 | blood | ötə |
| 65 | bone | öset |
| 66 | fat | græs̩ |
| 67 | egg | öf |
| 68 | horn | punt |
| 69 | tail | kŏd |
| 70 | feather | plömə |
| 71 | hair | bubun̆ö |
| 72 | head | intə |
| 73 | ear | ərək |
| 74 | eye | ojə |
| 75 | nose | næc̆ |
| 76 | mouth | buj |
| 77 | tooth | diĭant/diyyant |
| 78 | tongue | enbujke |
| 79 | fingernail | — |
| 80 | foot | püs̆ |
| 81 | leg | gerpüs̆ |
| 82 | knee | gænk |
| 83 | hand | honds |
| 84 | wing | ac̆a |
| 85 | belly | — |
| 86 | guts | — |
| 87 | neck | — |
| 88 | back | — |
| 89 | breast | c̆eĭat/c̆eyyat |
| 90 | heart | koĭor/koyyor |
| 91 | liver | — |
| 92 | drink | glŏjə |
| 93 | eat | man̆ə |
| 94 | bite | hæwə |
| 95 | suck | s̩üs̆ə |
| 96 | spit | — |
| 97 | vomit | vŏmə |
| 98 | blow | s̩affə |
| 99 | breathe | upas̩əfə |
| 100 | laugh | lidə |
| 101 | see | — |
| 102 | hear | ændərə |
| 103 | know | s̩æperə |
| 104 | think | pæs̩ə |
| 105 | smell | — |
| 106 | fear | — |
| 107 | sleep | dremə |
| 108 | live | visə |
| 109 | die | fulvisə |
| 110 | kill | debebnievnə |
| 111 | fight | klængə |
| 112 | hunt | kacə |
| 113 | hit | klapædə |
| 114 | cut | tałarə |
| 115 | split | — |
| 116 | stab | — |
| 117 | scratch | — |
| 118 | dig | — |
| 119 | swim | — |
| 120 | fly | fləvə |
| 121 | walk | — |
| 122 | come | gnəgə |
| 123 | lie | — |
| 124 | sit | — |
| 125 | stand | — |
| 126 | turn | — |
| 127 | fall | — |
| 128 | give | — |
| 129 | hold | tŏngə |
| 130 | squeeze | — |
| 131 | rub | — |
| 132 | wash | — |
| 133 | wipe | — |
| 134 | pull | krŏlə |
| 135 | push | — |
| 136 | throw | — |
| 137 | tie | — |
| 138 | sew | — |
| 139 | count | — |
| 140 | say | bəsə |
| 141 | sing | kanbəsə |
| 142 | play | — |
| 143 | float | — |
| 144 | flow | — |
| 145 | freeze | — |
| 146 | swell | — |
| 147 | sun | s̩al |
| 148 | moon | — |
| 149 | star | brelo |
| 150 | water | akvo |
| 151 | rain | — |
| 152 | river | — |
| 153 | lake | — |
| 154 | sea | dolakvo |
| 155 | salt | sulto |
| 156 | stone | — |
| 157 | sand | — |
| 158 | dust | — |
| 159 | earth | mondə |
| 160 | cloud | — |
| 161 | fog | — |
| 162 | sky | sælo |
| 163 | wind | — |
| 164 | snow | — |
| 165 | ice | — |
| 166 | smoke | fömje |
| 167 | fire | fokto |
| 168 | ash | defokto |
| 169 | burn | fokt |
| 170 | road | viid |
| 171 | mountain | jaðu |
| 172 | red | s̩eng |
| 173 | green | arbe |
| 174 | yellow | vyala |
| 175 | white | sprame |
| 176 | black | dvedə |
| 177 | night | fulglurnə |
| 178 | day | glurnə |
| 179 | year | aln |
| 180 | warm | — |
| 181 | cold | — |
| 182 | full | — |
| 183 | new | — |
| 184 | old | agöl |
| 185 | good | kan |
| 186 | bad | ful |
| 187 | rotten | fulkan |
| 188 | dirty | — |
| 189 | straight | — |
| 190 | round | — |
| 191 | sharp | — |
| 192 | dull | — |
| 193 | smooth | — |
| 194 | wet | — |
| 195 | dry | — |
| 196 | correct | — |
| 197 | near | — |
| 198 | far | — |
| 199 | right | najjada |
| 200 | left | kŏmc̆a |
| 201 | at | pŏd |
| 202 | in | pŏn |
| 203 | with | kŏs |
| 204 | and | də |
| 205 | if | detá |
| 206 | because | dekalə |
| 207 | name | c̆edet |
niskatə = be born
free = liberc̆ə
freedom = liber
rights = puder, pudera
dignita = dignatí
ragione = ras̆im
coscienza = kæs̆
must = platonə
behave/act = agünə
friendship = hödə
spirit = almə
actually = us̆e
love (verb)= sæviə
love (noun)= sæve
fox = gilbə
jump (avoiding something, the something is object) = þændetə
jump (on something, the something becomes lative case) = devec̆ə
quickness = uðə
quick/fast= uðəc̆ə
quickly = uðəvlə
lazy = dremevel
to sleep = dremə
ædöt = idiot
to live = vaiþə
to f**k = budrə
ins̩ = one
to speak/talk = valkə
nalit = language
to like = degostə
Example text
First article of Universal Declaration of Human Rights:
Ahtar udnamar niskatiste liberc̆ə nadignatí də napuderur. Nə tŏngiste ras̆imes də kæs̆es də æplatoniste agün ins̩er nełedatəl hödətén þödalmə.
I love you
þə sævə vön
I love you (deeper)
þə sævest vön
Ducks don't have heavy breasts, actually, they don't have and will never have breasts.
Gulade tŏngistekur ps̆ant c̆eyyatesa, us̆e, nə tŏngistekur də tŏnginiselkur c̆eyyatesa.
We had flied to the fish's houses from a star because the wife was old.
Jə fləvenesef gləbaglajelotél nimŏkos̩əl nabrelotén dekalə verdun̆am agölölist.
We wouldn't have been killed.
Jə wədebebnievnenesefibadindekur.
The quick fox jumps over the lazy dog.
Uðəc̆ə gilbə þændetin dremevels həundes