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| Kăinian language Kăinin zĕetain | ||
|---|---|---|
| Pronunciation: | IPA: [kaʷinin zeʷeta͜in] | |
| Spoken in: | Kăinim, Sórdzo | |
| Total speakers: | 102 million | |
| Language family: | Katahôgu Western katahôgu Kauino-sordzian Kăinian language | |
| Official status | ||
| Official language of: | Kăinim | |
| Regulated by: | Kăinimn zĕetain neākiki | |
| Language codes | ||
| ISO 639-1: | ka | |
| ISO 639-2: | kau | |
| ISO 639-3: | kau | |
| Note: This page may contain IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. See IPA chart for English for an English-based pronunciation key. | ||
General information[]
Kăinin is mainly spoken in the country of Kăinim.
Phonology[]
Kăinin have relatively simple phonetics. All vowels except "o" has a long and a short version. Long vowels are written with a macron over the letter (ā, ē, ū), the only exception is the long "i" which is written "iy". Ă and Ĕ are pronounced like A and E but with an almost silent "w-sound" after it. The ə-sound occurs only when "n" comes after another consonant, like in "kăinimn" [kaʷiniɱən]. The only difficult consonant is "m" which is pronounced [ɱ] (labiodental nasal).
Consonants[]
| Bilabial | Labio-dental | Dental | Alveolar | Post-alveolar | Retroflex | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Pharyngeal | Epiglottal | Glottal | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | ɱ | n | ||||||||||
| Plosive | p, b | t, d | k, (g) | (ʔ) | ||||||||
| Fricative | s, z | ɕ, (ʑ) | ||||||||||
| Affricate | v | ʝ | ||||||||||
| Approximant | ||||||||||||
| Trill | ||||||||||||
| Flap or tap | ɾ | |||||||||||
| Lateral fric. | ||||||||||||
| Lateral app. | l | |||||||||||
| Lateral flap |
Vowels[]
| Front | Near-front | Central | Near-back | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i | ||||
| Near-close | ʊ | ||||
| Close-mid | e | o | |||
| Mid | (ə) | ||||
| Open-mid | |||||
| Near-open | æ | ||||
| Open | a |
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The flag of Kăinim
Alphabet[]
Kăinin Alphabet
Alphabet:
Aa [a]
Ăă [aʷ]
Bb [b]
Xx [ɕ]
Dd [d]
Ee [e]
Ĕĕ [eʷ]
Gg [g] (only used in loan-words.)
Hh [ʔ] (only used in onomatopoeia.)
Ii [i]
Kk [k]
Ll [l]
Mm [ɱ]
Nn [n]
Oo [o]
Pp [p]
Rr [ɾ]
Ss [s]
Tt [t]
Uu [ʊ]
Vv [v]
Yy [ʝ, i]
Zz [z]
Ʒʒ [ʑ] (rarely used.)
Other letters:
Āā [a:]
Ēē [e:, æ:]
Iy iy [i:]
Ūū [ʊ:]
Phonotactics[]
Consonant clusters are never longer than two letters. Most consonants are followed by a vowel.
Dictionary[]
Numbers:
| 0 Sim | 1 Ĕit |
| 2 Zĕit | 3 Nēit |
| 4 Kāza | 5 Xepit |
| 6 Lăba | 7 Tĕba |
| 8 Kiymit | 9 Iymit |
| 10 Katy | 11 Katy-ĕit |
| 12 Katy-zĕit | 13 Katy-nēit |
| 14 Katy-kāza | 15 Katy-xepit |
| 16 Katy-lăba | 17 Katy-tĕba |
| 18 Katy-kiymit | 19 Katy-iymit |
Other words:
| English | Kăinin |
|---|---|
| Blue | Pāzu |
| Yellow | Xiyk |
| Red | Kă |
| Green | Voyū |
| Blue-purple | Pasaza |
| Red-purple | Āndikă |
| Pink | Rimi |
| White | Ini |
| Black | Udĕa |
| East | Navam |
| West | Ikam |
| South | Pāzam |
| North | Kăam |
| Man | Neda |
| Woman | Ikiyda |
| Boy | Iypa |
| Girl | Nim |
| Water | Sipă |
| Fire | Ătitki |
| Air | Ūe |
| Iron | Xăyă |
| Stone | Tă |
Grammar[]
Ĕnora - like
Ĕnora tek - to like
Ĕnorad - liking
Ĕnora tiy - (have) liked
Ĕnora tik - (I, she, he, they etc.) liked
Ĕnora nū - (had) liked
Ĕnora iy - (is going to) like
Kăra anmiy nim - Kăra is a girl
Kăra anmiy nim yo? - Is Kăra a girl?
Kăra anet nim e - Kăra is the girl
Nimn e kalxă an Kăra - The girl's name is Kăra
Vocabulary[]
| No. | English | Kăinin |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | I | Kā |
| 2 | you (singular) | Ta |
| 3 | he | Dă |
| 4 | we | Kiy |
| 5 | you (plural) | Tiy |
| 6 | they | Vū |
| 7 | this | Ekā |
| 8 | that | Et |
| 9 | here | Ekiyx |
| 10 | there | Etiyx |
| 11 | who | Ioki |
| 12 | what | Yo/Ie |
| 13 | where | Iomiyx |
| 14 | when | Ioza |
| 15 | how | Iose |
| 16 | not | Nē |
| 17 | all | Bapek |
| 18 | many | Nāly |
| 19 | some | Piyek |
| 20 | few | Piyek |
| 21 | other | Sūm |
| 22 | one | Ĕit |
| 23 | two | Zĕit |
| 24 | three | Nēit |
| 25 | four | Kāza |
| 26 | five | Xepit |
| 27 | big | Ră |
| 28 | long | Ēxa |
| 29 | wide | Kotiyka |
| 30 | thick | Vozy |
| 31 | heavy | Voni |
| 32 | small | Pi |
| 33 | short | Yĕibe |
| 34 | narrow | Uiyma |
| 35 | thin | Lame |
| 36 | woman | Imiyva |
| 37 | man (adult male) | Neda |
| 38 | man (human being) | — |
| 39 | child | Midat |
| 40 | wife | Vimim |
| 41 | husband | Eyāsim |
| 42 | mother | Nāni |
| 43 | father | Bābi |
| 44 | animal | Măibi |
| 45 | fish | Luyiyk |
| 46 | bird | Beyĕ |
| 47 | dog | Pokă |
| 48 | louse | Dopi |
| 49 | snake | Siyk |
| 50 | worm | Domk |
| 51 | tree | Kĕmeat |
| 52 | forest | Tanăk |
| 53 | stick | Tekike |
| 54 | fruit | Pūvu |
| 55 | seed | Red |
| 56 | leaf | Yiylă |
| 57 | root | Kutatak |
| 58 | bark | Rādu |
| 59 | flower | Xūynu |
| 60 | grass | Veyĕzi |
| 61 | rope | Zemsun |
| 62 | skin | Sănit |
| 63 | meat | Tĕey |
| 64 | blood | Lakă |
| 65 | bone | Yu |
| 66 | fat | Xenit |
| 67 | egg | Izum |
| 68 | horn | Rĕsey |
| 69 | tail | Kopo |
| 70 | feather | Lāv |
| 71 | hair | Miyri |
| 72 | head | Pām |
| 73 | ear | Viă |
| 74 | eye | Xāde |
| 75 | nose | Min |
| 76 | mouth | Kēmu |
| 77 | tooth | Daep |
| 78 | tongue | Lūat |
| 79 | fingernail | Mepiyk |
| 80 | foot | Pāsi |
| 81 | leg | Tēytet |
| 82 | knee | Ovit |
| 83 | hand | Āp |
| 84 | wing | Ĕună |
| 85 | belly | Imă |
| 86 | guts | Dexut |
| 87 | neck | Vāyăp |
| 88 | back | Liyzi |
| 89 | breast | Natu |
| 90 | heart | Tetăka |
| 91 | liver | Būyuri |
| 92 | drink | Lāta |
| 93 | eat | Ayka |
| 94 | bite | Niydi |
| 95 | suck | Nĕu |
| 96 | spit | Tixa |
| 97 | vomit | Văpu |
| 98 | blow | Xavi |
| 99 | breathe | Sāva |
| 100 | laugh | Ăya |
| 101 | see | Ĕe |
| 102 | hear | Abi |
| 103 | know | Xipi |
| 104 | think | Diāe |
| 105 | smell | Ivi |
| 106 | fear | Văiype |
| 107 | sleep | Yūnu |
| 108 | live | Iyla |
| 109 | die | Mebu |
| 110 | kill | Xăka |
| 111 | fight | Dăzu |
| 112 | hunt | Kutke |
| 113 | hit | Tae |
| 114 | cut | Ʒāti |
| 115 | split | Zĕite |
| 116 | stab | Nēti |
| 117 | scratch | Xūzuke |
| 118 | dig | Văna |
| 119 | swim | Oyoe |
| 120 | fly | Lavă |
| 121 | walk | Pĕi |
| 122 | come | Uāxu |
| 123 | lie | Yiya |
| 124 | sit | Lesūe |
| 125 | stand | Ăasi |
| 126 | turn | Măkxi |
| 127 | fall | Tuyēa |
| 128 | give | Ziri |
| 129 | hold | Movi |
| 130 | squeeze | Yoyo |
| 131 | rub | Suniy |
| 132 | wash | Loūnu |
| 133 | wipe | Sēvsă |
| 134 | pull | Vopo |
| 135 | push | Zăka |
| 136 | throw | Sbūi |
| 137 | tie | Nakipa |
| 138 | sew | Noyi |
| 139 | count | Tetepa |
| 140 | say | Zĕa (Zĕeta) |
| 141 | sing | Avā |
| 142 | play | Viyma |
| 143 | float | Păyi |
| 144 | flow | Sodi |
| 145 | freeze | Xiy |
| 146 | swell | Băsvi |
| 147 | sun | Āisi |
| 148 | moon | Uyĕy |
| 149 | star | Izin |
| 150 | water | Sipă |
| 151 | rain | Viyra |
| 152 | river | Nemta |
| 153 | lake | Poy |
| 154 | sea | Ākian |
| 155 | salt | Ĕm |
| 156 | stone | Tă |
| 157 | sand | Mālu |
| 158 | dust | Van |
| 159 | earth | Dūki |
| 160 | cloud | Aūn |
| 161 | fog | Zizu |
| 162 | sky | On |
| 163 | wind | Vūdam |
| 164 | snow | Ir |
| 165 | ice | Eziyr |
| 166 | smoke | Bovău |
| 167 | fire | Ătitki |
| 168 | ash | — |
| 169 | burn | Unyazi |
| 170 | road | Sānzyn |
| 171 | mountain | Tāyok |
| 172 | red | Kă |
| 173 | green | Voyū |
| 174 | yellow | Xiyk |
| 175 | white | Ini |
| 176 | black | Udĕa |
| 177 | night | Luyu |
| 178 | day | Sēam |
| 179 | year | Ūkun |
| 180 | warm | Ăsa |
| 181 | cold | Iysa |
| 182 | full | Kea |
| 183 | new | Rĕe |
| 184 | old | Yae |
| 185 | good | Xiriy |
| 186 | bad | Nēnu |
| 187 | rotten | Kūlu |
| 188 | dirty | Xixi |
| 189 | straight | Loyoya |
| 190 | round | Măkti |
| 191 | sharp | Teza |
| 192 | dull | Asi |
| 193 | smooth | Lăe |
| 194 | wet | Lū |
| 195 | dry | Bĕesa |
| 196 | correct | Sapxe |
| 197 | near | Vanva |
| 198 | far | Meāya |
| 199 | right | Uipam |
| 200 | left | Năpam |
| 201 | at | Oysĕ |
| 202 | in | Ă |
| 203 | with | Ĕ |
| 204 | and | Ăe |
| 205 | if | Kū |
| 206 | because | Etā |
| 207 | name | kalxă |
Example text[]
Tăsūyak anete sūyak ă diyĕemn sūvid eta xēmad ĕ kiy xēma tik kated ūxati.
Stone Age is the period in human history that begun when they started making tools.