| Kapanian Arabic | |
|---|---|
| Morphological Type: | Fusional |
| Morphosyntactic Alignment: | Nominative-Accusative |
| Linguistic Head: | Head Initial |
| Word Order: | SOV |
| Made by: | Maxseptillion77 |
General Informaiton[]
Named after the Armenian province in which the small Arabic-speaking community migrated to. I know that this is highly improbable, but that's not the point of this.
Phonology[]
Consonant[]
| Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Laryngeal | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m | m | n | n | ||||||
| Plosive | p b | p b | t d | t d | k g | k g | ʔ | ’ | ||
| Fricative | f v | f v | s z | s z | ʃ ʒ | ṡ ż | x ɣ | x ġ | ħ ʕ | ḥ ‘ |
| Approximant | w | w | l r | l r | j | y | ||||
Vowel[]
| Front | Central | Back | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i ɪ | i e | u | u | ||
| Close-Mid | ɵ~ə | ă, ŭ | ||||
| Open-Mid | ʌ | a | ||||
Grammar[]
Verb[]
Verbs have five parts based in triliteral roots: the present tense, the perfect tense, the gerund, the active perfect participle, and the passive perfect participle. The sample verb g-t-b, to write, will be used for denoting vowel forms.
Conjugation[]
ktŭpt
Person and Number[]
Verbs have a suffix (or prefix in the first person's case) that agrees with the subject's person and number.
| 1st | 2nd | 3rd | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mas | Fem | Mas | Fem | ||
| Singular | ʔă- أَـ | -ta ـتَ | -te ـتِ | ∅ | -t ـة |
| Dual | -tŭmă ـتُمَ | ||||
| Plural | nă- نَـ | -túm ـتُوم | -túnnă ـتُنَّ | -ú ـوُ | -á ـَا |
Mood, Voice, and Tense[]
Tense and voice depend on the arrangement of vowels in between the consonants.
| Present | Perfect | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Active | Passive | Active | Passive | |
| Indicative | CCăCă- قْتَبَـ | CáCCă- قَاتْبَـ | CCeC(ă)- قْتِبـ | |
| Subjunctive | CCăC(ă)- قْتَبـ | CCăCă- قْتَبَـ | ||
Verbal forms merged over time, resulting in a more analytical tense and mood system using auxilary verbs. Subjunctives must be used with g-ā-n, to be, conjugated in the subjunctive followed by the verb conjugated as well in the subjunctive (g-ā-n's passive conjugation is only used when used as an auxillary for the subjunctive).
| g-ā-n | Present | Perfect | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Active | Passive | Active | Passive | |
| Indicative | gún كُون | gán كَان | gín كِين | |
| Subjunctive | gúnă كُونَ | gánă كَانَ | ||
Sound Changes[]
Classical > Kapanian
C : consonant | V : vowel | % : intervocalic | ` : unstressed | ´ : stressed | P : plosives
q > g
{tˤ zˤ} > {dˤ sˤ}
{χ ʁ} > {x ɣ}
{θ ð} > {t d}
V̀ > ə / %
{a: i: u:} > {a i u}
w > v ! _C
dʒ > ʒ
Vr > rV
{à ì ù} > {ə ɪ ɵ̞}
á > ʌ
ə > ɵ̞
k > g / #_
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