| Proto-Chartic ' | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Type | |||
| Fusional | |||
| Alignment | |||
| Accusative | |||
| Head direction | |||
| left branching | |||
| Tonal | |||
| No | |||
| Declensions | |||
| Yes | |||
| Conjugations | |||
| Yes | |||
| Genders | |||
| No | |||
| Nouns decline according to... | |||
| Case | Number | ||
| Definiteness | Gender | ||
| Verbs conjugate according to... | |||
| Voice | Mood | ||
| Person | Number | ||
| Tense | Aspect | ||
General Information[]
Proto-Chartic is the reconstructed most common ancestor of the Chartic family, a large language family occupying much of the planet Aetho’s southern polar island chain.
Classification[]
Phonology[]
Consonants[]
| alveolar | velar | laryngeal | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nasal | n | ||
| stop | t d | k g | ʔ |
| fricative | s | h | |
| approximant | l | ||
| rhotic | r |
Vowels[]
| Front | Back | |
|---|---|---|
| High | i | ɯ |
| Mid | e | ɤ |
| Low | a | |
Diphthongs[]
| falling | rising |
|---|---|
| ei | ie |
| ɤɯ | ɯɤ |
| ai | ia |
| aɯ | ɯa |
Pitch accent[]
A pitch accent can appear anywhere on the root, but is mobile in various declensions and verbforms.
Phonotactics[]
(C(:), hG)(V(n)(F), A)
G=C- ʔ, h, d, g
F=C- h
A=l, r, n
Nouns[]
Cases: Nominative, Accusative, Genitive, Dative, Instrumental, Ablative, Locative, Comitative, Temporal, Vocative
Numbers: Singular, Plural
| -C | -a | -i | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| sg | pl | sg | pl | sg | pl | |
| Nominative | hláins | hláinsl | ʔiéga | ʔiegál | káɯhi | kaɯhíl |
| Accusative | hláin-s | hlain-ssé | ʔiégas | ʔiegásse | káɯhis | kaɯhísse |
| Genitive | hláinsr- | hlainsír- | ʔiégar- | ʔiegáir- | káɯhir- | kaɯhír- |
| Dative | hláinsia | hlain-sséis | ʔiégia | ʔiegásseis | káɯhia | kaɯhísseis |
| Instrumental | hláinshns | hláinslhns | ʔiégahns | ʔiegálhns | káɯhihns | kaɯhílhns |
| Ablative | hláinsis | hlainshát | ʔiégais | ʔiegáhat | káɯhis | kaɯhíhat |
| Locative | hlainssɯ́ | hlainssɯ́ | ʔiegásɯ | ʔiegásɯ | kaɯhísɯ | kaɯhísɯ |
| Comitative | hláinsdn | hláinsldn | ʔiégadn | ʔiegáldn | káɯhidn | kaɯhíldn |
| Temporal | hláinskr | hláinskr | ʔiegákr | ʔiegákr | kaɯhíkr | kaɯhíkr |
| Vocative | hlainsá | hláinsl | ʔiegá | ʔiegál | kaɯhiá | kaɯhíl |