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Ranvqua ' | |||
---|---|---|---|
Type | |||
Alignment | |||
Head direction | |||
Tonal | |||
No | |||
Declensions | |||
No | |||
Conjugations | |||
Yes | |||
Genders | |||
No | |||
Nouns decline according to... | |||
Case | Number | ||
Definiteness | Gender | ||
Verbs conjugate according to... | |||
Voice | Mood | ||
Person | Number | ||
Tense | Aspect |
General information[]
Ranvqua is loosely based on a mixture of Cherokee and English, and is used as a language in the novel, Keeping Leaves.
Phonology[]
Consonants[]
Bilabial | Labio-dental | Dental | Alveolar | Post-alveolar | Retroflex | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Pharyngeal | Epiglottal | Glottal | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nasal | m | n | ||||||||||
Plosive | d | g q | ||||||||||
Fricative | s | |||||||||||
Affricate | ds | |||||||||||
Approximant | w | |||||||||||
Trill | r | |||||||||||
Flap or tap | ||||||||||||
Lateral fric. | ||||||||||||
Lateral app. | ||||||||||||
Lateral flap |
Vowels[]
Note: the letter v is used as a vowel; it's pronounced as "uh," such as in the word gut, but it's nasalized.
Front | Near-front | Central | Near-back | Back | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Close | i | u | |||
Near-close | |||||
Close-mid | |||||
Mid | e | o | |||
Open-mid | v | ||||
Near-open | |||||
Open | a |
Alphabet[]
Aa Dd Ee Gg Hh Ii Mm Nn Oo Qq Rr Ss Uu Vv Ww
Phonotactics[]
Diphthongs are only acceptable after the letters qu. Examples are qua, que, qui, quo, quu, quv.
Grammar[]
Nouns[]
Nouns are made plural by adding the prefix ra-.
Verbs[]
Verbs are conjugated with both prefixes and suffixes.
Prefixes are used to indicate the doer:
- The prefix for hv is g- or ge-, depending on whether the verb begins with a vowel or consonant.
- For nihi it's h- or he-.
- For arv the verb is left unchanged.
Suffixes are used to indicate past, present, future, or a command.
- Present: -nv or -env (again, use depends on the ending letter of the verb).
- Past: -rv or -erv.
- Future: -gv or -egv.
- Command: the verb is left unchanged.
Examples:
- I will eat fish. Hv gisa gidugv.
- You went home. Nihi homv hequomerv.
- They carry the animals. Arv raquidv quarinv.
- Look! Si!
Syntax[]
If it's a sentance that just describes or identifies something, there doesn't need to be a verb. For example:
- They are beautiful. Arv hewudi.
- You are my family. Nihi gamiro.
For more complex sentences, the order is SOV (subject-object-verb).
- I eat bread. Hv reda gidunv.
Vocabulary[]
English |
Ranvqua |
above |
ahowe |
after |
agede |
air |
eru |
alive |
ariwa |
and |
are |
around |
arawo |
ask |
asv |
beautiful |
hewudi |
because |
dequasv |
before |
weho |
bird |
dervda |
birth |
girv |
boat |
hoda |
body |
doda |
bread |
reda |
but |
nu |
care |
quare |
carry |
quari |
cat |
quado |
cause |
quasv |
change |
dsanv |
clean |
quina |
color |
quoro |
come |
quome |
container |
quodanvra |
copulate |
quodura |
creature |
quidv |
do |
do |
down |
dowe |
drink |
dinv |
during |
duri |
eat |
idu |
egg |
egv |
emotion |
emodo |
face |
hasu |
family |
gamiro |
fear |
hena |
few |
gewo |
fire |
gira |
fish |
gisa |
food |
hudv |
fowl |
howa |
free |
hira |
fruit |
gudo |
give |
giwv |
good |
guda |
grain |
ganv |
grass |
gasv |
hand |
hanv |
harmony |
haromi |
have |
hawv |
help |
herv |
here |
hia |
home |
homv |
hurt |
hura |
illness |
irvne |
insect |
esequa |
inside |
iniside |
know |
nowv |
language |
ranvqua |
leaf |
reha |
like |
riqua |
love |
rowv |
make |
maque |
many |
manv |
menstruate |
menasuwa |
mineral |
minera |
moon |
muno |
mountain |
modanoda |
move |
mowi |
never |
nawe |
no |
da |
now |
nowa |
object |
ogequa |
old |
orv |
one |
wanv |
or |
oru |
outside |
awudise |
parent |
nera |
path |
sahu |
person |
deso |
place |
gase |
plant |
drande |
remember |
remene |
river |
riwo |
safe |
sahv |
see |
si |
sky |
qui |
sleep |
svdi |
slow |
dso |
small |
sarv |
soft |
sohu |
soil |
sori |
song |
sogv |
sound |
sona |
speak |
sdiqua |
star |
dsara |
stone |
doni |
strong |
sduranv |
sun |
sunv |
thing |
dsinv |
thirst |
diso |
through |
duro |
time |
dime |
tired |
diro |
tool |
durv |
under |
uneda |
understand |
vdesdanv |
up |
unv |
want |
wadv |
warm |
waru |
water |
waderv |
weather |
wedaru |
wet |
wedv |
with |
widv |
work |
woquo |
Example text
Radeso hira girvrv. Arv vdesadanv hawvegv are arv guda widv radeso.
All human beings are born free. They are endowed with reason and act honorably towards others.