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| Roiken ᵹœÿš | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Type | |||
| Agglutinative | |||
| Alignment | |||
| Nominative-Accusivite | |||
| Head direction | |||
| Initial | |||
| Tonal | |||
| No | |||
| Declensions | |||
| Yes | |||
| Conjugations | |||
| Yes | |||
| Genders | |||
| Yes | |||
| Nouns decline according to... | |||
| Case | Number | ||
| Definiteness | Gender | ||
| Verbs conjugate according to... | |||
| Voice | Mood | ||
| Person | Number | ||
| Tense | Aspect | ||
General information
Roiken is a language spoken by the people of the planet ᵹœþ, under the rule of the roikƿoþ era. This was primarily spoken through the 31st-33rd centuries, and later evoled on into a language that differed greatly from it's old self. It is most commonly known as kâtÿ ᵹœÿš, or evolving roiken.
Phonology
Consonants
| World Example | Example in an English word | |
|---|---|---|
| b | boat | |
| c | car | |
| ç (dipthong c + r) |
crack | |
| d | door | |
| f | face | |
| g | goat | |
| ᵹ (dipthong g + r) | great | |
| h | hide | |
| j | jar | |
| k | kill | |
| l |
lose | |
| m | mother | |
| n | never | |
| p | pasta | |
| q | que | |
| r | roll | |
| s | stop | |
| š (dipthong s + h) | shun | |
| t | teal | |
| þ (dipthong t + h) | the | |
| v | vacuum | |
| w | water | |
| ƿ (dipthong w + h) | what | |
| x | exit | |
| y | yellow | |
| ÿ | you | |
| z | zipper | |
| ž | genre |
Vowels
The marks on the vowels are used mostly for writing purposes, indicating different grammatical cases and whatnot, but also provide slight pronunciation changes.
|
Word Example |
Example in an English word | |
|---|---|---|
|
A |
çrazœþ- to grab |
exam (in a British accent) |
|
Á |
ᵹág - book |
apple |
|
À |
tør - gate |
arg! |
|
E |
esíl - boat |
eat |
|
É |
žerléd - beach |
exam |
|
È |
corènœþ - to eat |
sea |
|
I |
independence | |
|
Í |
is | |
|
Ì |
mice | |
|
O |
orange | |
|
Ó |
oh | |
|
Ò |
pour | |
|
U |
up | |
|
Ú |
pour | |
|
Ù |
urge |
Vowel Dipthongs
There are several dipthongs for the vowels, and some for the consonants (as shown in the consonants area above)
|
Letters combined |
Example in an English word | |
|---|---|---|
|
Æ |
A + E |
amoebae |
|
Π|
O + E | evil-doer |
| Å | A + A | aardvark |
| Ė | E + E | tree |
| Ī |
I + I |
skiing |
| Ø |
O + O |
boo |
| Ū | U + U | vacuum |
Alphabet
Will add at a later date
Grammar
| Gender | Cases | Numbers | Tenses | Persons | Moods | Voices | Aspects | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Verb | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | Yes |
| Nouns | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No |
| Adjectives | No | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
| Numbers | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No |
| Participles | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No |
| Adverb | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No |
| Pronouns | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | Yes |
| Adpositions | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No |
| Article | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
| Particle | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | No | No | No | No |
Roiken is a VSO world ordered language. There's an exception allowing the adding of a ù to the end of the subject, thus putting it in front of the verb making it into a SVO order, but only in the case that the verb is working with a noun and not a pronoun. I should mention, it's also used mainly in poetry, and you will hear speakers 99.9% of the time use the traitional VSO object.
Verbs
Verbs when in their dictonary / infinitive form always end in œþ. Verbs conjugate as follows
1st person - œþ -> œž
2nd person - œþ -> œž
3rd person m - œþ -> œþ
3rd person f - œþ -> œþø
3rd person n - œþ -> œþīg
1st person plural - œþ -> œþæᵹ
2nd person plural m - œþ -> œr
2nd person plural f- œþ -> œg
2nd person plural n - œþ -> œž
2nd person plural mix - œþ -> œ
3rd person plural m - œþ -> œþū
3rd person plural f - œþ -> œþūrg
3rd person plural n - œþ -> œþūma
3rd person plural mix - œþ -> œþūm
Tense
Roiken has five tenses. Present progresive, aroist (also known as present perfect), past, future, and future progressive. Present progressive follows the conjugation as shown above. All other tenses are marked by conjugating the verb and adding a particle. The participle for the verb in all tenses is the same. Only the particle changes.
The participle is as follows
a + verb + ėr
The particles are as follows
ᵹa - past tense
ƿa - aroist
þa - future
þé - future progressive
So the future progressive particle of çrazœþ (to grab) would end up being açrazœþér þé and the past tense would be açrazœþér ᵹa
Nouns
Nouns are split into five catagories, or in a sense, five genders. There are only the major three (masculine, feminine, neuter) genderwise, but the last two are exceptions that fit and conjugate as a neuter noun. The gender of a noun can be determined by the ending of the noun. Refer to the chart below for information on the endings that a noun may take.
| Masculine | Feminine | Neuter one | Neuter two | Neuter three | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| The | ᵹœ |
ƿåd |
éru | chī | ÿøl |
| Word ending | r (ᵹ included) / qu / o / ø | d / t / f / s / š / v / ƿ / a / á / à / å | c / ç / z / ž / h / þ | e / é / è / ė / æ / i / í / ì / ī / ó / ò / u / ú / ù / ū | b / g / j / k / l / m / n / p / q / w / x / y / ÿ |
| Pural Ending | rþa | eþ | øž | ᵹá | īša |
| Genitive Ending | riᵹe | ét | øᵹ | ᵹėt | īšùr |
| Plural Genitive Ending | rþeg | eþàt | ørž | ᵹætè | īsƿár |
|
Instrumental |
þer | er | òᵹþ | gøt | ìšag |
| Plural Instrumental Ending | rþer | eþar | øžþ | ᵹøt | īšorg |
| Accusitive Ending | ro | ero | ožo | ᵹo | īšo |
| Dative Ending | ro | ero | ožo | ᵹo | īšo |
| Plural Accusitive Ending | rþaro | eþero | øžo | ᵹáo | īšo |
| Plural Dative Ending | rþaro | eþero | øžo | ᵹáo |
īšo |
As you noticed, I didn't add the word for the indefinite article (a / an). This is because it doesn't follow traditional rules. The word is ᵹi, and is added to the end of the seperated by '. The ' mark indicates a small pause, not the size of a space, but not to the point of non-existance. For example, the word stick is "ᵹig", the world for a stick would be "ᵹiga'ᵹi", and the word(s) for the stick is "ƿåd ᵹiga".
Pronouns
The pronouns are as follows
| Prounoun | Nominative | Accusitive | Dative |
|---|---|---|---|
| I | dò | dò ti | dò ti |
| You | chi | chi ti | chi ti |
| He | quor | quor ti | quor ti |
| She | fåš | fåš ti | fåš ti |
| It | çæw | çæw ti | çæw ti |
|
We |
dòtom | dòtom ti | dòtom ti |
|
You all (m) |
chito | chito ti | chito ti |
|
You all (f) |
chid | chid ti | chid ti |
| You all (n) | chiþ | chiþ ti | chiþ ti |
| You all (mix) | chiᵹo | chiᵹo ti | chiᵹo ti |
| They (m) | quoror | quoror ti | quoror ti |
| They (f) | quorad | quarad ti | quarad ti |
| They (n) | quoræÿ | quoræÿ ti | quoræÿ ti |
| They (mix) | quorgo | quorgo ti | quorgo ti |
'I'n depth word order
As mentioned earlier, the traditional word order is VSO. However, the adding of the ending ù can arrange the noun, and only nouns (not pronouns) to a SVO order. This is higly unused, so I'm going to not use it at all in the demonstrations.
Vocabulary
Coming soon
| No. | English | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | I | — |
| 2 | you (singular) | — |
| 3 | he | — |
| 4 | we | — |
| 5 | you (plural) | — |
| 6 | they | — |
| 7 | this | — |
| 8 | that | — |
| 9 | here | — |
| 10 | there | — |
| 11 | who | — |
| 12 | what | — |
| 13 | where | — |
| 14 | when | — |
| 15 | how | — |
| 16 | not | — |
| 17 | all | — |
| 18 | many | — |
| 19 | some | — |
| 20 | few | — |
| 21 | other | — |
| 22 | one | — |
| 23 | two | — |
| 24 | three | — |
| 25 | four | — |
| 26 | five | — |
| 27 | big | — |
| 28 | long | — |
| 29 | wide | — |
| 30 | thick | — |
| 31 | heavy | — |
| 32 | small | — |
| 33 | short | — |
| 34 | narrow | — |
| 35 | thin | — |
| 36 | woman | — |
| 37 | man (adult male) | — |
| 38 | man (human being) | — |
| 39 | child | — |
| 40 | wife | — |
| 41 | husband | — |
| 42 | mother | — |
| 43 | father | — |
| 44 | animal | — |
| 45 | fish | — |
| 46 | bird | — |
| 47 | dog | — |
| 48 | louse | — |
| 49 | snake | — |
| 50 | worm | — |
| 51 | tree | — |
| 52 | forest | — |
| 53 | stick | — |
| 54 | fruit | — |
| 55 | seed | — |
| 56 | leaf | — |
| 57 | root | — |
| 58 | bark | — |
| 59 | flower | — |
| 60 | grass | — |
| 61 | rope | — |
| 62 | skin | — |
| 63 | meat | — |
| 64 | blood | — |
| 65 | bone | — |
| 66 | fat | — |
| 67 | egg | — |
| 68 | horn | — |
| 69 | tail | — |
| 70 | feather | — |
| 71 | hair | — |
| 72 | head | — |
| 73 | ear | — |
| 74 | eye | — |
| 75 | nose | — |
| 76 | mouth | — |
| 77 | tooth | — |
| 78 | tongue | — |
| 79 | fingernail | — |
| 80 | foot | — |
| 81 | leg | — |
| 82 | knee | — |
| 83 | hand | — |
| 84 | wing | — |
| 85 | belly | — |
| 86 | guts | — |
| 87 | neck | — |
| 88 | back | — |
| 89 | breast | — |
| 90 | heart | — |
| 91 | liver | — |
| 92 | drink | — |
| 93 | eat | — |
| 94 | bite | — |
| 95 | suck | — |
| 96 | spit | — |
| 97 | vomit | — |
| 98 | blow | — |
| 99 | breathe | — |
| 100 | laugh | — |
| 101 | see | — |
| 102 | hear | — |
| 103 | know | — |
| 104 | think | — |
| 105 | smell | — |
| 106 | fear | — |
| 107 | sleep | — |
| 108 | live | — |
| 109 | die | — |
| 110 | kill | — |
| 111 | fight | — |
| 112 | hunt | — |
| 113 | hit | — |
| 114 | cut | — |
| 115 | split | — |
| 116 | stab | — |
| 117 | scratch | — |
| 118 | dig | — |
| 119 | swim | — |
| 120 | fly | — |
| 121 | walk | — |
| 122 | come | — |
| 123 | lie | — |
| 124 | sit | — |
| 125 | stand | — |
| 126 | turn | — |
| 127 | fall | — |
| 128 | give | — |
| 129 | hold | — |
| 130 | squeeze | — |
| 131 | rub | — |
| 132 | wash | — |
| 133 | wipe | — |
| 134 | pull | — |
| 135 | push | — |
| 136 | throw | — |
| 137 | tie | — |
| 138 | sew | — |
| 139 | count | — |
| 140 | say | — |
| 141 | sing | — |
| 142 | play | — |
| 143 | float | — |
| 144 | flow | — |
| 145 | freeze | — |
| 146 | swell | — |
| 147 | sun | — |
| 148 | moon | — |
| 149 | star | — |
| 150 | water | — |
| 151 | rain | — |
| 152 | river | — |
| 153 | lake | — |
| 154 | sea | — |
| 155 | salt | — |
| 156 | stone | — |
| 157 | sand | — |
| 158 | dust | — |
| 159 | earth | — |
| 160 | cloud | — |
| 161 | fog | — |
| 162 | sky | — |
| 163 | wind | — |
| 164 | snow | — |
| 165 | ice | — |
| 166 | smoke | — |
| 167 | fire | — |
| 168 | ash | — |
| 169 | burn | — |
| 170 | road | — |
| 171 | mountain | — |
| 172 | red | — |
| 173 | green | — |
| 174 | yellow | — |
| 175 | white | — |
| 176 | black | — |
| 177 | night | — |
| 178 | day | — |
| 179 | year | — |
| 180 | warm | — |
| 181 | cold | — |
| 182 | full | — |
| 183 | new | — |
| 184 | old | — |
| 185 | good | — |
| 186 | bad | — |
| 187 | rotten | — |
| 188 | dirty | — |
| 189 | straight | — |
| 190 | round | — |
| 191 | sharp | — |
| 192 | dull | — |
| 193 | smooth | — |
| 194 | wet | — |
| 195 | dry | — |
| 196 | correct | — |
| 197 | near | — |
| 198 | far | — |
| 199 | right | — |
| 200 | left | — |
| 201 | at | — |
| 202 | in | — |
| 203 | with | — |
| 204 | and | — |
| 205 | if | — |
| 206 | because | — |
| 207 | name | — |
Example text
šiᵹœž dògam chi ti ᵹigær'ᵹi - I shall smite you with a stick.
chi dò kå makarþ - You are my true love.