Dam Konta in dom nört (talk) 02:36, April 24, 2013 (UTC)Dam Konta mäldom Nört
| Progress 89% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Hukketrudanjälangvig Truly language | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Type | |||
| flexive fussionating | |||
| Alignment | |||
| Nominative-Accusative | |||
| Head direction | |||
| Initial | |||
| Tonal | |||
| No | |||
| Declensions | |||
| Yes | |||
| Conjugations | |||
| Yes | |||
| Genders | |||
| No | |||
| Nouns decline according to... | |||
| Case | Number | ||
| Definiteness | Gender | ||
| Verbs conjugate according to... | |||
| Voice | Mood | ||
| Person | Number | ||
| Tense | Aspect | ||
General information[]
Hukketrudanjälangvig (/hu.ke.tɾu.ða.njä.laŋ.vig/) is an a-priori language which, so to speak, is a kind of correct or pure form of "trudanjälangvig" (in the same way that german and high german do). Is an head initial language mostly west germanic but also finno-ugric so is not really an Indo-European tongue at all.
Is a flexive fussionating language which has two numbers, singular and plural and is declined in 5 grammatical cases, nominative, accusative, dative, genitive and instrumental, only nouns, pronouns and articles can be declined.
About genders, this language has 3, masculine, feminine and neutral, which is actually a default gender like in many germanic languages.
Phonology[]
Vowels, diphthongs and triphthongs[]
Vowels
| Front | Near-front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i y | u | ||
| Close-mid | e | o | ||
| Open-mid | ɛ œ | ɔ | ||
| Near-open | æ | |||
| Open | a |
Diphthongs
| Letters | IPA | Letters | IPA |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ei-ei | /ej/ | Aw-aw | /aʊ/ |
| Ë-ë | /aj/ | Ew-ew | /eʊ/ |
| Oi-oi | /oj/ /ɔj/ | Iw-iw | /iʊ/ |
| Äi-äi | /æj/ | Ow-ow | /oʊ/ |
| Öi-öi | /œj/ | Äw-äw | /æʊ/ |
Consonants and digraphs[]
Consonants
| Bilabial | Labio-dental | dental | Alveolar | Post-alveolar | Alveolo-Palatal | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m | n | ɲ | ŋ | |||||
| Plosive | p b | t d | k g | ʔ | |||||
| Sibilant fricative | s | ʃ | |||||||
| Non-sibilant fricative | f v | θ ð | x | h | |||||
| Affricate | ts | tʃ | |||||||
| Approximant | ʋ | j | ʍ w | ||||||
| Flap or tap | ɾ | ||||||||
| Trill | r | ||||||||
| Lateral app. | l |
Digraphs
| Letters | IPA |
|---|---|
| Hw-hw | /ʍ/ |
| ng* | /ŋ/ |
| Ny-ny | /ɲ/ |
| rr* | /r/ |
| Ch-ch | /x/ |
| Th-th | /θ/ |
*: Only occur between letters, never in the beginning.
Grammar - Nyelvys[]
Pronouns - Pronönein[]
Personal pronouns - Hwitjan pronönein[]
personal pronouns in trudanjälangvig are declined in "cases" as in german, this language has 5:
| Nominative | Accusative | Dative | Genitive | Instrumental | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I | Ik | Mitt | Migg | Mir | Mine |
| You | Ssü | Ssüt | Nigg | Nir | Dine |
| He | Sa | Satt | Sagg | Sar | Sane |
| She | Hë | Hë | Segg | Ser | Sene |
| It | Sei | Sej | Sogg | Sor | Sone |
| We | Vekja | Kjat | Jagg | Kjar | Jane |
| We | Vekje | Kjet | Jegg | Kjer | Jene |
| You all | Viyä | Yätt | Yägg | Yär | Vine |
| They | Saen | Saet | Saegg | Saer | Dane |
| They | Hëen | Sëet | Hëegg | Hëer | Dëne |
- there is a distinction between masculine and feminine form of we, therefore, "Vekja" is masculine and "Vekje" is feminine.
-
- As "we", "they" has a gender differentiation, so, "Saen" is masculine and "Hëen" is feminine.
Possessive pronouns[]
| Personal pronoun | Posesive pronoun |
|---|---|
| Ik | -Minn |
| Nu | Dinn |
| Sa | Sann |
| Hë | Hënn |
| So | Sonn |
| Vekja | -Maid |
| Vekje | -Meid |
| Viyä | Vjänn |
| Saen | Dann |
| Hëen | Denn |
Verbs "to be" and "to have"[]
To be[]
contrarily to english but in the same way that languages as Spanish do, the verb "to be" has 2 different meanings, so, you have the verb "årmakon" which is used in temporal things like your position in the space or your state of mind, thing that usually can change easily and in the other hand you have the verb "Bjuhon" which is used in permanent situations like your gender, job, nationality, etc... therefore, you have these examples below:
| Phrase | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Ik ën duusma | I am angry |
| Ik ën in alf viidakkjö amazonas | I am in the amazon jungle |
| Ik juus spansk | I am spanish |
| Vekjä öns studentîn | We are students |
| Nu ënst in nëtto orsys | You are in another country |
| Hë ënt stiffund meenjöm | She is looking the moon |
| Vannak viyä sozjaleverkjän? | Are you guys social workers? |
Both verbs are irregular and have the following conjugation:
bjuhon:
| Pronoun | perfect preterit | present | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ik | Var | Juus | Tämä |
| Nu | Vast | Irst | Verast |
| Sa | Vat | Mejtet | Vere |
| Vekja | Varon | Öns | Veren |
| Viyä | Varst | Vannak | Vagys |
| Saen | Varst | Vannak | Vagys |
årmakon:
| Pronoun | Perfect preterit | Present | Future |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ik | Ëna | Ën | Ënera |
| Nu | Ënast | Ënst | Ënerast |
| Sa | Ëntu | Ënt | Ënere |
| Vekja | Ëntes | Ënto | Ënyrst |
| Viyä | Ënters | Ënste | Ënaren |
| Saen | Ënters | Ënste | Ënaren |
To have[]
An auxiliary verb which is usfull to know about is the verb "Hebbon" that has as equivalent the english verb "to have" and the Spanish verb "haber", but only when is use in perfects like the sentence "I have made a cake" or in phrases like "there is/there are...", so, why is this verb important? because as in german you can use the present perfect instead of using simple past. There are some examples below:
| Phrase | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Hebber niskan Dakan | There are a few dogs |
| Hebber paljen mäl Kissan | There are a lot of cats |
| Hebber ad ĵwona frrjala? | Is there a free room? |
| Ik heb gaîtt min gaîtte | I have eaten my food |
| Nu hebast gaîtt sot ellöt mir | You had eaten it before me |
| Vekja hebyrst gaîtt hvenn kaapjanés | We will have eaten when we arrive |
| Hat Hë gakätt od elokuvo? | Has she seen a movie? |
Hebbon is irregular and its conjugation is downbelow:
| Pronoun | Perfect preterit | Present | Future |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ik | Heba | Heb | Hebera |
| Nu | Hebast | Hast | Heberast |
| Sa | Hebel | Hat | Hebere |
| Vekja | Hebes | Hebten | Hebyrst |
| Viyä | Hebbster | Hebbyr | Hebbaren |
| Saen | Hebbster | Hebben | Hebbaren |
Then you have the other verb which has as equivalent the english one "to have", is called "Hafaton", this other is used when marking possession of something or a kind of not so strong obligation. this verb is regular, see these examples below:
| Phrase | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Ik hafate adim Dakam | I have a dog |
| Ik heb gahaff melankolišen fülljen | I have had melancholic feelings |
| Vekje haffaten mjöe maaken sot | We have to make it |
| Nu hafaterast mjöe geffen sot segg | You will have to give it to her |
| Hafatat sa adim niskam Suas? | Does he have a little bit of water? |
| Faals sa hafatát, Ik kawperrju sot | If he had, I would buy it |
| Hë hafatere saet hvenn hë vännteré | She will have them whenever she want |
Modal verbs[]
there isn't too much to say about trudanjälangvig's modal verbs because all of them are regular verbs. those verbs usually end in -on instead of -en, I will explain their meanings which is the most important part anyway.
| Verbs | Meaning | Example | Translation |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hasson | To hate | Ik hasse bärrîten ad Rekwam | I hate opening the door |
| Šütton | To should | Ik šütte îtten min Gaîttal | I should eat my food |
| Vännton | To want | Nu vänntast bjodden mit, ekkivänntast nu? | You want to kill me, don't you? |
| Säjlökon | To can (to be able to) | Ik ekkisäjlöke flîgen | I can't fly |
| Praston | To can (to have permision to) | Praste ik dränken od nisko mäl coca-cola? | Can/may I drink a little bit of coca-cola? |
| Kämmon | To come | Mama! Ik kämme å ferlaton ystävanne mine! | Mum! I'm going to hang out with my friends! |
| Masston | To must | Nu masstast maaken sot! | You must to make it |
| Dîsätton | To need | Hë dîsättev hjalfe än Sa ekkiënev sjellä | She needed help and he wasn't there |
| Lëkkon | To like | Vekja lëkkerrjales spilljon myndskeidjaatömen | We would like to play video-games |
| Liffon | To love | Ik liffe stiffen segg | I love looking at her |
| Fabîtton | Forbidden | Tarly, Ik fabîtte nit ljöffen! | Tarly, I forbid you to die! |
Conjugation[]
ok, there's not too much to talk about in this point, there are 3 moods: indicative, imperative and subjuntive. conjugations are below:
Indicative[]
ok, trudanjälangvig has 17 tenses in this mood, all of them will be explain now:
if you take any regular verb like "Awsleron", you put out the endings -on or -en and you have the root "Awsler-", so then you add the disinences for each tense.
| Tenses | Ik | Nu | Sa | Vekja | Viyä | Saen |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present | Awsler-e | Awsler-ast | Awsler-at | Awsler-ten | Awsler-an | Awsler-an |
| Present progresive | Ën awslerund | Ënst awslerund | Ënt awslerund | Ënto awslerund | Ënste awslerund | Ënte awslerund |
| Perfect preterit | Awsler-a | Awsler-est | Awsler-el | Awsler-ett | Awsler-ster | Awsler-ster |
| Inperfect preterit | Awsler-ev | Awsler-ivest | Awsler-ev | Awsler-ebjes | Awsler-ebjem | Awsler-ebjem |
| Past progresive | Ënev awslerund | Ënivest awslerund | Ënev awslerund | Ënebjes awslerund | Ënebjem awslerund | Ënebjem awslerund |
| Future 1 | Awsler-era | Awsler-erast | Awsler-ere | Awsler-yrst | Awsler-aren | Awsler-aren |
| Future 2 | Kämme å awsleron | Kämmast å awsleron | Kämmat å awsleron | Kämmten å awsleron | Kämman å awsleron | Kämman å awsleron |
| Future progresive | Ënera awslerund | Ënerast awslerund | Ënere awslerund | Ënyrst awslerund | Ënaren awslerund | Ënaren awslerund |
| Present perfect | Heb awgasler | Hast awgasler | Hat awgasler | Hebbten awgasler | Heban awgasler | Heban awgasler |
| Present perfect progresive | Heb gaårm awslerund | Hast gaårm awslerund | Hat gaårm awslerund | Hebbten gaårm awslerund | Heban gaårm awslerund | Heban gaårm awslerund |
| Past perfect | Heba awgasler | Hebest awgasler | Hebel awgasler | Hebbyts awgasler | Hebster awgasler | Hebster awgasler |
| Past perfect progresive | Heba gaårm awslerund | Hebest gaårm awslerund | Hebel gaårm awslerund | Hebbyts gaårm awslerund | Hebster gaårm awslerund | Hebster gaårm awslerund |
| Future perfect | Heber awgasler | Heberst awgasler | Hebert awgasler | Hebbyrst awgasler | Hebaren awgasler | Hebaren awgasler |
| Future perfect progresive | Heber gaårm awslerund | Heberst gaårm awslerund | Hebert gaårm awslerund | Hebbyrst gaårm awslerund | Hebaren gaårm awslerund | Hebaren gaårm awslerund |
| Future conditional | Awsler-errju | Awsler-errjast | Awsler-errjat | Awsler-errjales | Awsler-errjak | Awsler-errjak |
| Past future | Kämmev å awsleron | Kämmivest å awsleron | Kämmev å awsleron | Kämmebjes å awsleron | Kämmebjem å awsleron | Kämmebjem å awsleron |
imperative[]
| Verb | Positive | Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Geffen | Geff! | Ekkigeff! |
Is actually easy to understand, by using the verb "Geffen" (give) you take the ending -en away and then you got the imperative positive "Geff" (give!) and then by adding the negative adverb ekki- so it turns "Ekkigeff" (don't give!).
Genders - Gendan[]
Luckily for you there are easy ways to know the gender of any word in Trudanjälangvig because there are stricted ending's rules which are about to be explain below:
| Masculine | Femenine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|
| -a | -e | -o |
| -ist | -î | -arr |
| -(f)jö | -(rr)jä | -(h)ej |
| -hi | -ü | -al |
| -ö | -ä | -ys |
| -ju |
- Ok, as is not obvious I'm gonna explain it, in masculine and feminine each ending has an equivalent in the other gender (thing that doesn't happen with neuter).
- Then, every noun or adjective which has another sort of ending shall be neuter.
Cases - Fallen[]
As I said before, this language has 5 declinations called cases, are ways to modify the nouns, pronouns and articles depending on the roll that they represent into the sentence.
the cases are presented by adding the following suffixes:
| Vowel | Diphthong | Consonant | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | Ø | Ø | Ø |
| Accusative | -m | -n | -im |
| Dative | -kå | Ø | -it |
| Genitive | -s | -s | -ar |
| Instrumental | -he | -fë | -ne |
- "Ø" means none suffix.
Nominative - Nominativ[]
Vocabulary[]
Animals - Iläjmen[]
| English | Trudanjälangvig | English | Trudanjälangvig | English | Trudanjälangvig |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ape | Affe | Fish | Fisk | Polar bear | Issysbjärna |
| Baboon | Pavjön | Fox | Räve | Rabbit | Konina |
| Badger | Grävse | Frog | Grådsk | Rat | Råtte |
| Bear | Bjärna | Giraffe | Giraffa | Rhino | Nejshörn |
| Bison | Visonta | Goat | Zejt | Salmon | Laxe |
| Capybara | Vasseršwejne | Hippo | Flojdffärd | Shark | Hëkaj |
| Cat | Kötte | Horse | Färd | Sheep | Šaffe |
| Cow | Kyrist | Human | Männskys | Snake | Šnajge |
| Deer | Dëdirše | Lion | Lywjon | Tiger | Tyger |
| Dog | Hunta | Lizard | Ajdla | Turtle | Škildpade |
| Dolphin | Hawfrung | Louse | Lusse | Whale | Wajllist |
| Elephant | Fijl | Mouse | Mëssa | Wolf | Warge |
Numbers - Zhindoen[]
| Trudanjälangvig | Null | An | Zajd | Triss | Fajd | Fün | Sajk | Syf | Åkt | Njun | Täkk | Urf | Zölf |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Numbers | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 |
| Trudanjälangvig | Tritäkk | Fajtäkk | Füntäkk | Sajtäkk | Syftäkk | Åkttäkk | Njuntäkk | Zuny |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Numbers | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 |
| Trudanjälangvig | Zunnyan | Zunnyzajd | Zunnytriss | Zunnyfajd | Zunnyfün | Zunnysajk |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Numbers | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 |
| Trudanjälangvig | Trîny | Fajny | Füny | Sajny | Syfny | Åkny | Njuny | Hundet |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Numbers | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 |
| Trudanjälangvig | Zajdhundet | Trihundet | Fajdhundet | Fünhundet | Tjusen | Zajtjusen | Tritjusen | Fajdtjusen | Füntjusen |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Numbers | 200 | 300 | 400 | 500 | 1000 | 2000 | 3000 | 4000 | 5000 |
Example number: 3.567 - Tritjusenfünhundetänsajnnysyf.
Example text - Esmarkist texte[]
The lord's prayer - Od drottinejs sanges[]
And now, I'll show you the trudanjälangvig version of the well-known "lord's prayer":
| Trudanjälangvig | IPA | English |
|---|---|---|
|
Fatjä jann mjöe ënst in adim skënim, gavilss meesé dinn name, afôrést jagg dinn rekkistim. Maakést dinn hapfalim. Åls in ed varde fees in ad skë. Geff jagg dîss tage jann tagjenal breyttim, än kirjoytt jagg jann äbetwanim, åls vekja kirjoytten hvökån äbetwan jagg, ekkijättä fallen in ed rrëšte, warel odar jaktalar. Zhaell. |
/fa.tjä jan: mjøe ajnst in a.dim skaj.nim ga.vils: me:.sé din: na.me a.foj.rést jag din: ɾe.kis.tim ma:.kést din: ha.pfa.lim ɔls in ed vaɾ.ðe fe:s in ad skaj gef jag dɪ:s: ta.ge jan: ta.gje.nal bɾeʏ.tim än ki.ɾjoʏt jag jan: ä.be.tʊa.nim ɔls ve.kja ki.ɾjoʏ.ten vø.kɔn ä.be.tʊan jag e.kɪ.jä.tä fa.len in ed rajʃ.te wa.ɾel o.ðaɾ jak.ta.laɾ θa.el/ |
Our Father who art in heaven, hallowed be thy name. Thy kingdom come. Thy will be done on earth as it is in heaven. Give us this day our daily bread, and forgive us our trespasses, as we forgive those who trespass against us, and lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil. Amen. |